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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Venison \Ven"i*son\ (?; 277), noun [OE. veneison, veneson, venison, OF. veneison, F. venaison, L. venatio hunting, the chase, game, fr. venari, p. p. venatus, to hunt; perhaps akin to OHG. weidin?n, weidenen, to pasture, to hunt, G. weide pasturage. Cf. {Gain} to acquire, {Venation}.]
1. Beasts of the chase. [Obs.] --Fabyan.
2. Formerly, the flesh of any of the edible beasts of the chase, also of game birds; now, the flesh of animals of the deer kind exclusively.
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Deer \Deer\ (d[=e]r), noun sing. & pl. [OE. der, deor, animal, wild animal, AS. de['o]r; akin to D. dier, OFries. diar, G. thier, tier, Icel. d[=y]r, Dan. dyr, Sw. djur, Goth. dius; of unknown origin. [root]71.]
1. Any animal; especially, a wild animal. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Mice and rats, and such small deer. --Shak.
The camel, that great deer. --Lindisfarne MS.
2. (Zo["o]l.) A ruminant of the genus {Cervus}, of many species, and of related genera of the family {Cervid[ae]}. The males, and in some species the females, have solid antlers, often much branched, which are shed annually. Their flesh, for which they are hunted, is called {venison}.
Note: The deer hunted in England is {Cervus elaphus}, called also stag or {red deer}; the fallow deer is {Cervus dama}; the common American deer is {Cervus Virginianus}; the blacktailed deer of Western North America is {Cervus Columbianus}; and the mule deer of the same region is {Cervus macrotis}. See {Axis}, {Fallow deer}, {Mule deer}, {Reindeer}.
Note: Deer is much used adjectively, or as the first part of a compound; as, deerkiller, deerslayer, deerslaying, deer hunting, deer stealing, deerlike, etc.
{Deer mouse} (Zo["o]l.), the white-footed mouse ({Peromyscus leucopus}, formerly {Hesperomys leucopus}) of America.
{Small deer}, petty game, not worth pursuing; -- used metaphorically. (See citation from Shakespeare under the first definition, above.) ''Minor critics . . . can find leisure for the chase of such small deer.'' --G. P. Marsh.
From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:
venison
noun: meat from a deer used as food
From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 [moby-thes]:
22 Moby Thesaurus words for "venison": aspic, barbecue, boiled meat, bouilli, civet, flesh, forcemeat, game, hachis, hash, jerky, joint, jugged hare, meat, menue viande, mince, pemmican, pot roast, roast, sausage meat, scrapple, viande
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