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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Supposition \Sup'po*si"tion\, noun [F. supposition, L. suppositio a placing under, a substitution, fr. supponere, suppositium, to put under, to substitute. The word has the meaning corresponding to suppose. See {Sub-}, and {Position}.]
1. The act of supposing, laying down, imagining, or considering as true or existing, what is known not to be true, or what is not proved.
2. That which is supposed; hypothesis; conjecture; surmise; opinion or belief without sufficient evidence.
This is only an infallibility upon supposition that if a thing be true, it is imposible to be false. --Tillotson.
He means are in supposition. --Shak.
From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:
supposition
noun
1: a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence [syn: {guess}, {conjecture}, {surmise}, {surmisal}, {speculation}, {hypothesis}]
2: a hypothesis that is taken for granted; "any society is built upon certain assumptions" [syn: {assumption}, {supposal}]
3: the cognitive process of supposing [syn: {supposal}]
From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 [moby-thes]:
76 Moby Thesaurus words for "supposition": allegory, allusion, apprehension, apriorism, arcane meaning, assumption, axiom, belief, coloration, conceit, concept, conception, conjecture, connotation, fancy, guesswork, hint, hypothesis, idea, image, imago, implication, implied meaning, import, impression, inference, innuendo, intellectual object, intimation, ironic suggestion, meaning, memory-trace, mental image, mental impression, metaphorical sense, notion, nuance, observation, occult meaning, opinion, overtone, perception, perhaps, posit, postulate, postulation, postulatum, premise, presumption, presupposal, presupposition, proposal, proposition, recept, reflection, representation, sentiment, set of postulates, speculation, subsense, subsidiary sense, suggestion, supposal, suppose, supposing, surmise, symbolism, theory, thesis, thought, tinge, touch, undercurrent, undermeaning, undertone, working hypothesis
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