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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Settlement \Set"tle*ment\, noun
1. The act of setting, or the state of being settled. Specifically: (a) Establishment in life, in business, condition, etc.; ordination or installation as pastor.
Every man living has a design in his head upon wealth power, or settlement in the world. --L'Estrange. (b) The act of peopling, or state of being peopled; act of planting, as a colony; colonization; occupation by settlers; as, the settlement of a new country. (c) The act or process of adjusting or determining; composure of doubts or differences; pacification; liquidation of accounts; arrangement; adjustment; as, settlement of a controversy, of accounts, etc. (d) Bestowal, or giving possession, under legal sanction; the act of giving or conferring anything in a formal and permanent manner.
My flocks, my fields, my woods, my pastures take, With settlement as good as law can make. --Dryden. (e) (Law) A disposition of property for the benefit of some person or persons, usually through the medium of trustees, and for the benefit of a wife, children, or other relatives; jointure granted to a wife, or the act of granting it.
2. That which settles, or is settled, established, or fixed. Specifically: (a) Matter that subsides; settlings; sediment; lees; dregs. [Obs.]
Fuller's earth left a thick settlement. --Mortimer. (b) A colony newly established; a place or region newly settled; as, settlement in the West. (c) That which is bestowed formally and permanently; the sum secured to a person; especially, a jointure made to a woman at her marriage; also, in the United States, a sum of money or other property formerly granted to a pastor in additional to his salary.
3. (Arch.) (a) The gradual sinking of a building, whether by the yielding of the ground under the foundation, or by the compression of the joints or the material. (b) pl. Fractures or dislocations caused by settlement.
4. (Law) A settled place of abode; residence; a right growing out of residence; legal residence or establishment of a person in a particular parish or town, which entitles him to maintenance if a pauper, and subjects the parish or town to his support. --Blackstone. Bouvier.
{Act of settlement} (Eng. Hist.), the statute of 12 and 13 William III, by which the crown was limited to the present reigning house (the house of Hanover). --Blackstone.
From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:
settlement
noun
1: a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government [syn: {colony}]
2: a community of people smaller than a town [syn: {village}, {small town}]
3: a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it
4: the act of colonizing; the establishment of colonies; "the British colonization of America" [syn: {colonization}, {colonisation}]
5: something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making; "the finally reached a settlement with the union"; "they never did achieve a final resolution of their differences"; "he needed to grieve before he could achieve a sense of closure" [syn: {resolution}, {closure}]
6: an area where a group of families live together
7: termination of a business operation by using its assets to discharge its liabilities [syn: {liquidation}]
From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 [moby-thes]:
271 Moby Thesaurus words for "settlement": abalienation, abatement of differences, absolute indication, absolute interest, accommodation, acquitment, acquittal, acquittance, adjustment, affirmation, agreement, alienation, ally, amortization, amortizement, anchorage, appanage, arbitration, archduchy, archdukedom, arrangement, ashram, assignation, assignment, bargain, bargain and sale, barter, benefit, bequeathal, binder, body, body politic, buffer state, burden of proof, camp, captive nation, cash, cash payment, caste, cession, chieftaincy, chieftainry, choice, city-state, claim, clan, class, clearance, clearing, closing, colonization, colony, common, commonweal, commonwealth, commune, community, composition, composition of differences, compromise, concession, conclusion, conclusive evidence, conferment, conferral, confirmation, consignation, consignment, contingent interest, conveyance, conveyancing, cop-out, country, county, damning evidence, deal, debt service, deciding, decision, deeding, defrayal, defrayment, deliverance, delivery, demise, demonstration, deposit, desertion of principle, determination, disbursal, discharge, disposal, disposition, doling out, domain, dominion, dot, dower, down payment, dowry, duchy, dukedom, earldom, earnest, earnest money, easement, economic class, elimination, empeoplement, empery, empire, encampment, endogamous group, endowment, enfeoffment, equitable interest, equity, establishment, estate, evasion of responsibility, exchange, extended family, family, fixation, foundation, free city, gens, give-and-take, giving, giving way, grand duchy, hamlet, hire purchase, hire purchase plan, holding, inauguration, incontrovertible evidence, indisputable evidence, inhabitancy, inhabitation, inhabiting, initiation, installation, installment, installment plan, interest, interest payment, investiture, investment, ironclad proof, jointure, kingdom, kinship group, land, lease and release, legal jointure, limitation, liquidation, lodgment, mandant, mandate, mandated territory, mandatee, mandatory, marriage portion, moiety, monthly payments, mooring, mutual concession, nation, nationality, never-never, nuclear family, occupancy, occupation, onus, onus probandi, order, outpost, part, paying, paying off, paying out, paying up, payment, payment in kind, payoff, peoplement, peopling, percentage, phratria, phratry, phyle, plantation, polis, polity, population, portion, possession, post, power, prepayment, principality, principate, proof, protectorate, province, puppet government, puppet regime, quarterly payments, quietus, quittance, rapprochement, realm, reconciliation, regular payments, remittance, republic, residence, resolution, retirement, right, right of entry, sale, satellite, satisfaction, sealing, selection, seneschalty, setting, settling, showdown, signature, signing, sinking-fund payment, social class, society, solemnization, sovereign nation, spot cash, stabilization, stake, state, strict settlement, subcaste, sultanate, superpower, sure sign, surrender, terms, territory, thirds, title, toparchia, toparchy, totem, trading, transfer, transference, transmission, transmittal, trust, understanding, unmistakable sign, use, vested interest, vesting, village, weekly payments, working-out, yielding
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