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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Goad \Goad\, noun [AS. g[=a]d; perh. akin to AS. g[=a]r a dart, and E. gore. See {Gore}, verb (used with an object)] A pointed instrument used to urge on a beast; hence, any necessity that urges or stimulates.
The daily goad urging him to the daily toil. --Macaulay.
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Goad \Goad\, verb (used with an object) [imp. & p. p. {Goaded}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Goading}.] To prick; to drive with a goad; hence, to urge forward, or to rouse by anything pungent, severe, irritating, or inflaming; to stimulate.
That temptation that doth goad us on. --Shak.
Syn: To urge; stimulate; excite; arouse; irritate; incite; instigate.
From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:
goad
noun
1: a pointed instrument used to prod into motion [syn: {prod}]
2: a verbalization that encourages you to attempt something; "the ceaseless prodding got on his nerves" [syn: {goading}, {prod}, {prodding}, {urging}, {spur}, {spurring}]
verb
1: give heart or courage to [syn: {spur}]
2: urge with or as if with a goad
3: prod or urge as if with a log stick [syn: {prick}]
4: goad or provoke,as by constant criticism; "He needled her with his sarcastic remarks" [syn: {needle}]
From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 [moby-thes]:
104 Moby Thesaurus words for "goad": actuate, animate, assault, bear, bear upon, boost, buck, bull, bulldoze, bump, bump against, bunt, butt, butt against, cage, catalyst, coerce, compel, compulsion, corral, cram, crowd, desire, dig, drive, drive on, drove, egg on, elbow, exhort, flog, force, forward, gad, gadfly, give an impetus, give momentum, herd, hurtle, hustle, impel, impetus, impulse, impulsion, incentive, incitation, incite, incitement, instigate, jab, jam, jog, joggle, jolt, jostle, lash, lust, motivate, motivation, move, needle, nudge, oxgoad, passion, pile drive, poke, power, press, prick, prod, prompt, propel, punch, punch cattle, push, put in motion, ram, ram down, rattle, ride herd on, round up, rowel, run, run against, set agoing, set going, set in motion, shake, shepherd, shoulder, shove, sic, spur, stimulant, sting, stress, tamp, thrust, urge, whip, whip on, whiplash, wrangle, zeal
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]:
Goad (Heb. malmad, only in Judg.
3: 31), an instrument used by ploughmen for guiding their oxen. Shamgar slew six hundred Philistines with an ox-goad. "The goad is a formidable weapon. It is sometimes ten feet long, and has a sharp point. We could now see that the feat of Shamgar was not so very wonderful as some have been accustomed to think." In 1 Sam. 13:21, a different Hebrew word is used, _dorban_, meaning something pointed. The expression (Acts 9:5, omitted in the R.V.), "It is hard for thee to kick against the pricks", i.e., against the goad, was proverbial for unavailing resistance to superior power.
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