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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Extract \Ex"tract'\, noun
1. That which is extracted or drawn out.
2. A portion of a book or document, separately transcribed; a citation; a quotation.
3. A decoction, solution, or infusion made by dissolving out from any substance that which gives it its essential and characteristic virtue; essence; as, extract of beef; extract of dandelion; also, any substance so extracted, and characteristic of that from which it is obtained; as, quinine is the most important extract of Peruvian bark.
4. (Med.) A solid preparation obtained by evaporating a solution of a drug, etc., or the fresh juice of a plant; -- distinguished from an abstract. See {Abstract}, noun, 4.
5. (Old Chem.) A peculiar principle once erroneously supposed to form the basis of all vegetable extracts; -- called also the {extractive principle}. [Obs.]
6. Extraction; descent. [Obs.] --South.
7. (Scots Law) A draught or copy of writing; certified copy of the proceedings in an action and the judgement therein, with an order for execution. --Tomlins.
{Fluid extract} (Med.), a concentrated liquid preparation, containing a definite proportion of the active principles of a medicinal substance. At present a fluid gram of extract should represent a gram of the crude drug.
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Extract \Ex*tract"\, verb (used with an object) [imp. & p. p. {Extracted}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Extracting}.] [L. extractus, p. p. of extrahere to extract; ex out + trahere to draw. See {Trace}, and cf. {Estreat}.]
1. To draw out or forth; to pull out; to remove forcibly from a fixed position, as by traction or suction, etc.; as, to extract a tooth from its socket, a stump from the earth, a splinter from the finger.
The bee Sits on the bloom extracting liquid sweet. --Milton.
2. To withdraw by expression, distillation, or other mechanical or chemical process; as, to extract an essence. Cf. {Abstract}, verb (used with an object), 6.
Sunbeams may be extracted from cucumbers, but the process is tedious.
3. To take by selection; to choose out; to cite or quote, as a passage from a book.
I have extracted out of that pamphlet a few notorious falsehoods. --Swift.
{To extract the root} (Math.), to ascertain the root of a number or quantity.
From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:
extract
noun
1: a solution obtained by steeping or soaking a substance (usually in water) [syn: {infusion}]
2: a passage selected from a larger work; "he presented excerpts from William James' philosophical writings" [syn: {excerpt}, {selection}]
verb
1: draw or pull out, usually with some force or effort; also used in an abstract sense; "pull weeds"; "extract a bad tooth"; "take out a splinter"; "extract information from the telegram" [syn: {pull out}, {pull}, {pull up}, {take out}, {draw out}]
2: get despite difficulties or obstacles; "I extracted a promise from the Dean for two ne positions"
3: deduce (a principle) or construe (a meaning); "We drew out some interesting linguistic data from the native informant" [syn: {educe}, {evoke}, {elicit}, {draw out}]
4: extract by the process of distillation; "distill the essence of this compound" [syn: {distill}, {distil}]
5: separate (a metal) from an ore
6: obtain from a substance, as by mechanical action; "Italians express coffee rather than filter it" [syn: {press out}, {express}]
7: take out of a literary work in order to cite or copy [syn: {excerpt}, {take out}]
8: calculate the root of a number
From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 [moby-thes]:
256 Moby Thesaurus words for "extract": abate, abrade, abridge, abstract, ambergris, ambrosia, aromatic, aromatic gum, aromatic water, artifact, attar, attar of roses, avulse, balm, balm of Gilead, balsam, bate, bay oil, bergamot oil, bolt, brainchild, carve, champaca oil, child, chisel, choose, choose out, citation, cite, civet, clarify, clear, clipping, coinage, collect, composition, concentrate, concentration, conclude, concoction, condense, convert, copy, creation, creature, crowning achievement, cull, cultivate, curtail, cut out, cutting, decide between, decoction, decrassify, decrease, deduce, deduct, deliver, depreciate, depurate, deracinate, derive, derogate, detract, develop, dig out, dig up, diminish, disentangle, disparage, distill, distillate, distillation, drain, draw, draw a conclusion, draw an inference, draw forth, draw out, dredge, dredge up, eat away, edulcorate, effect, eke out, elicit, elixir, elute, end product, eradicate, erode, essence, essential oil, essentialize, evince, evoke, evolve, evulse, excavate, excerpt, excerption, excise, exsect, extort, extraction, extricate, fetch, file away, filter, filtrate, find, fixative, force out, free, fruit, garner, gather, get, get out, glean, gouge out, grow, grub up, handiwork, handpick, harvest, heliotrope, impair, induce, infer, infusion, invention, issue, jasmine oil, lavender oil, leach, lessen, liberate, lixiviate, machine, make a selection, manufacture, masterpiece, masterwork, milk, mill, mine, mintage, musk, myrcia oil, myrrh, new mintage, obtain, offspring, opera, opus, opuscule, origination, outcome, outgrowth, parfum, passage, percolate, perfume, perfumery, pick, pick out, pick up, pluck out, pluck up, process, product, production, pry, pull, pull out, pull up, pump, purification, purify, quarry, quintessence, quotation, quote, raise, rake out, ransom, rear, reason, reason that, recover, rectify, redeem, reduce, refine, refinement, release, remove, rescue, result, retrench, retrieve, rip out, root out, root up, rose oil, rub away, salvage, save, scent, scratch, screen, select, selected passage, selection, separate, set free, shorten, sieve, sift, single out, smelt, spirit, spiritualize, squeeze, strain, subduct, sublimate, sublime, subtract, take as proved, take away, take from, take out, tear, tear out, thin, thin out, try, unearth, unravel, uproot, volatile oil, wear away, weed, weed out, winkle out, winnow, withdraw, work, worm out, wrench, wrest, wrest out, wring, yank
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