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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Excavation \Ex'ca*va"tion\, noun [L. excavatio: cf. F. excavation.]
1. The act of excavating, or of making hollow, by cutting, scooping, or digging out a part of a solid mass.
2. A cavity formed by cutting, digging, or scooping. ''A winding excavation.'' --Glover.
3. (Engin.) (a) An uncovered cutting in the earth, in distinction from a {covered cutting} or {tunnel}. (b) The material dug out in making a channel or cavity.
The delivery of the excavations at a distance of 250 feet. --E. L. Corthell.
From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:
excavation
noun
1: the act of digging; "there's an interesting excavation going on near Princeton" [syn: {digging}, {dig}]
2: the site of an archeological exploration; "they set up camp next to the dig" [syn: {dig}, {archeological site}]
3: a hole in the ground made by excavating [syn: {hole in the ground}]
4: the act of extracting ores or coal etc from the earth [syn: {mining}]
From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 [moby-thes]:
153 Moby Thesaurus words for "excavation": abysm, abyss, arroyo, avulsion, box canyon, breach, break, bringing to light, burrow, canyon, casual discovery, catching, cavity, chance discovery, chap, chasm, check, chimney, chink, cleft, cleuch, clough, col, coulee, couloir, crack, cranny, crater, crevasse, crevice, cut, cutting out, cwm, deepening, defile, dell, depression, deracination, detection, determination, determining, dig, digging, diggings, dike, disclosure, discovery, disentanglement, distinguishment, ditch, donga, draw, drawing, drawing out, dredging, drilling, engraving, enucleation, eradication, espial, evolvement, evulsion, excision, exhumation, exposure, expression, exsection, extirpation, extraction, extrication, fault, find, finding, finding out, fissure, flaw, flume, fracture, furrow, gap, gape, gash, gorge, groove, gulch, gulf, gully, hole, hollow, incision, indentation, invention, joint, kloof, leak, locating, location, lowering, lucky strike, mine, mining, moat, notch, nullah, opening, pass, passage, pit, pressing out, probing, pulling, quarry, quarrying, ravine, recognition, rediscovery, removal, rent, revelation, rift, rime, ripping out, rupture, scissure, seam, serendipity, shaft, sinkage, sinking, slit, slot, split, spotting, squeezing out, strike, treasure trove, trench, trough, trouvaille, trove, tunnel, tunneling, uncovering, unearthing, unrooting, uprooting, valley, void, wadi, well, withdrawal, workings, wresting out
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