From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Chromosome \Chro"mo*some'\, noun [Gr. ? color + ? the body.] (Biol.) One of the minute bodies into which the chromatin of the nucleus is resolved during mitotic cell division; the {idant} of Weismann.
From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:
noun
1: a threadlike body in the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order
From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 [moby-thes]:
61 Moby Thesaurus words for "chromosome": Altmann theory, DNA, De Vries theory, Galtonian theory, Mendelianism, Mendelism, RNA, Verworn theory, W chromosome, Weismann theory, Weismannism, Wiesner theory, X chromosome, Y chromosome, Z chromosome, accessory chromosome, allele, allelomorph, allosome, autosome, birth, centromere, character, chromatid, chromatin, chromosome complement, chromosome number, determinant, determiner, diathesis, diploid number, endowment, euchromosome, eugenics, factor, gene, gene-string, genesiology, genetic code, genetics, genome, haploid number, hereditability, heredity, heritability, heritage, heterochromosome, homologous chromosomes, idiochromosome, inborn capacity, inheritability, inheritance, matrocliny, monosome, patrocliny, pharmacogenetics, polyploidy, recessive character, replication, sex chromosome, univalent chromosome
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