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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Chauvinism \Chau"vin*ism\, noun [F. chauvinisme, from Nicolas Chauvin, a character represented as making grotesque and threatening displays of his attachment to his fallen chief, Napoleon I., in 1815 (in the play La Cocarde tricolor, 1831).]
1. Blind and absurd devotion to a fallen leader or an obsolete cause; hence, absurdly vainglorious or exaggerated patriotism.
2. exaggerated and unreasoning partisanship to any group or cause; -- as, male chauvinism, i.e. belief in the superiority of males. [PJC] -- {Chau"vin*ist}, noun & adjective -- {Chau'vin*is"tic}, a.
Note: To have a generous belief in the greatness of one's country is not chauvinism. It is the character of the latter quality to be wildly extravagant, to be fretful and childish and silly, to resent a doubt as an insult, and to offend by its very frankness. --Prof. H. Tuttle.
From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:
chauvinism
noun
1: fanatical patriotism [syn: {jingoism}, {superpatriotism}, {ultranationalism}]
2: activity indicative of belief in the superiority of men over women [syn: {male chauvinism}, {antifeminism}]
From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 [moby-thes]:
71 Moby Thesaurus words for "chauvinism": Americanism, Anglicism, Briticism, Jim Crow, Jim Crow law, aggression, aggressiveness, antagonism, anti-Semitism, apartheid, bellicism, bellicosity, belligerence, belligerency, black power, black supremacy, class consciousness, class distinction, class hatred, class prejudice, class war, color bar, color line, combativeness, contentiousness, discrimination, fascism, ferocity, fierceness, fight, flag waving, hostility, jingoism, know-nothingism, love of country, male chauvinist, martialism, militancy, militarism, minority prejudice, nationalism, nationality, overpatriotism, patriotics, patriotism, pugnaciousness, pugnacity, quarrelsomeness, race hatred, race prejudice, race snobbery, racial discrimination, racialism, racism, red-baiting, saber rattling, segregation, sex discrimination, sexism, social barrier, social discrimination, superpatriotism, truculence, ultranationalism, unfriendliness, unpeacefulness, warmongering, warpath, white power, white supremacy, xenophobia
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