From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Voluntary \Vol"un*ta*ry\, noun; pl. {Voluntaries}.
1. One who engages in any affair of his own free will; a volunteer. [R.] --Shak.
2. (Mus.) A piece played by a musician, often extemporarily, according to his fancy; specifically, an organ solo played before, during, or after divine service.
3. (Eccl.) One who advocates voluntaryism.
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Voluntary \Vol"un*ta*ry\, adjective [L. voluntarius, fr. voluntas will, choice, from the root of velle to will, p. pr. volens; akin to E. will: cf. F. volontaire, Of. also voluntaire. See {Will}, verb (used with an object), and cf. {Benevolent}, {Volition}, {Volunteer}.]
1. Proceeding from the will; produced in or by an act of choice.
That sin or guilt pertains exclusively to voluntary action is the true principle of orthodoxy. --N. W. Taylor.
2. Unconstrained by the interference of another; unimpelled by the influence of another; not prompted or persuaded by another; done of his or its own accord; spontaneous; acting of one's self, or of itself; free.
Our voluntary service he requires. --Milton.
She fell to lust a voluntary prey. --Pope.
3. Done by design or intention; intentional; purposed; intended; not accidental; as, if a man kills another by lopping a tree, it is not voluntary manslaughter.
4. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to the will; subject to, or regulated by, the will; as, the voluntary motions of an animal, such as the movements of the leg or arm (in distinction from involuntary motions, such as the movements of the heart); the voluntary muscle fibers, which are the agents in voluntary motion.
5. Endowed with the power of willing; as, man is a voluntary agent.
God did not work as a necessary, but a voluntary, agent, intending beforehand, and decreeing with himself, that which did outwardly proceed from him. --Hooker.
6. (Law) Free; without compulsion; according to the will, consent, or agreement, of a party; without consideration; gratuitous; without valuable consideration.
7. (Eccl.) Of or pertaining to voluntaryism; as, a voluntary church, in distinction from an established or state church.
{Voluntary affidavit} or {Voluntary oath} (Law), an affidavit or oath made in an extrajudicial matter.
{Voluntary conveyance} (Law), a conveyance without valuable consideration.
{Voluntary escape} (Law), the escape of a prisoner by the express consent of the sheriff.
{Voluntary jurisdiction}. (Eng. Eccl. Law) See {Contentious jurisdiction}, under {Contentious}.
{Voluntary waste}. (Law) See {Waste}, noun, 4.
Syn: See {Spontaneous}.
From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:
adjective
1: of your own free will or design; not forced or compelled; "man is a voluntary agent"; "participation was voluntary"; "voluntary manslaughter"; "voluntary generosity in times of disaster"; "voluntary social workers"; "a voluntary confession" [ant: {involuntary}]
2: controlled by individual volition; "voluntary motions"; "voluntary muscles" [ant: {involuntary}]
noun
1: (military) a person who freely enlists for service [syn: {volunteer}, {military volunteer}] [ant: {draftee}]
2: composition (often improvised) for a solo instrument (especially solo organ) and not a regular part of a service or performance
From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 [moby-thes]:
104 Moby Thesaurus words for "voluntary": Vorspiel, advised, aimed, aimed at, alternative, arbitrary, autonomous, avant-propos, breakthrough, calculated, chosen, conative, concert overture, conscious, considered, contemplated, curtain raiser, deliberate, deliberated, descant, designed, discretional, discretionary, disjunctive, dramatic overture, elected, elective, envisaged, envisioned, exordium, foreword, free, free will, front matter, frontispiece, gratuitous, independent, innovation, intended, intentional, introduction, knowing, leap, meant, meditated, nonmandatory, of design, offered, operatic overture, optional, overture, planned, postulate, preamble, preface, prefix, prefixture, preliminary, prelude, premeditated, premise, presupposition, proem, proffered, projected, prolegomena, prolegomenon, prolepsis, prologue, proposed, protasis, purposed, purposeful, purposive, self-acting, self-active, self-determined, self-determining, spontaneous, studied, teleological, unasked, unbesought, unbidden, uncalled-for, uncoerced, uncompelled, unconstrained, unforced, uninfluenced, uninvited, unpressured, unprompted, unrequested, unrequired, unsolicited, unsought, vamp, verse, volitional, volunteer, willful, willing, witting
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