From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Vinegar \Vin"e*gar\, verb (used with an object) To convert into vinegar; to make like vinegar; to render sour or sharp. [Obs.]
Hoping that he hath vinegared his senses As he was bid. --B. Jonson.
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Vinegar \Vin"e*gar\, noun [OE. vinegre, F. vinaigre; vin wine (L. vinum) + aigre sour. See {Wine}, and {Eager}, adjective]
1. A sour liquid used as a condiment, or as a preservative, and obtained by the spontaneous (acetous) fermentation, or by the artificial oxidation, of wine, cider, beer, or the like.
Note: The characteristic sourness of vinegar is due to acetic acid, of which it contains from three to five per cent. Wine vinegar contains also tartaric acid, citric acid, etc.
2. Hence, anything sour; -- used also metaphorically.
Here's the challenge: . . . I warrant there's vinegar and pepper in't. --Shak.
{Aromatic vinegar}, strong acetic acid highly flavored with aromatic substances.
{Mother of vinegar}. See 4th {Mother}.
{Radical vinegar}, acetic acid.
{Thieves' vinegar}. See under {Thief}.
{Vinegar eel} (Zo["o]l.), a minute nematode worm ({Leptodera oxophila}, or {Anguillula acetiglutinis}), commonly found in great numbers in vinegar, sour paste, and other fermenting vegetable substances; -- called also {vinegar worm}.
{Vinegar lamp} (Chem.), a fanciful name of an apparatus designed to oxidize alcohol to acetic acid by means of platinum.
{Vinegar plant}. See 4th {Mother}.
{Vinegar tree} (Bot.), the stag-horn sumac ({Rhus typhina}), whose acid berries have been used to intensify the sourness of vinegar.
{Wood vinegar}. See under {Wood}.
From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:
noun
1: sour-tasting liquid produced usually by oxidation of the alcohol in wine or cider and used as a condiment or food preservative [syn: {acetum}]
From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 [moby-thes]:
24 Moby Thesaurus words for "vinegar": acid, acidulant, bread-and-butter pickle, brine, chokecherry, crab apple, dill pickle, embalming fluid, formaldehyde, green apple, lemon, lime, pickle, preservative, preservative medium, salt, sour, sour balls, sour cream, sour grapes, sour pickle, sourdough, verjuice, yogurt
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]:
Vinegar Heb. hometz, Gr. oxos, Fr. vin aigre; i.e., "sour wine." The Hebrew word is rendered vinegar in Ps. 69:21, a prophecy fulfilled in the history of the crucifixion (Matt. 27:34). This was the common sour wine (posea) daily made use of by the Roman soldiers. They gave it to Christ, not in derision, but from compassion, to assuage his thirst. Prov. 10:26 shows that there was also a stronger vinegar, which was not fit for drinking. The comparison, "vinegar upon nitre," probably means "vinegar upon soda" (as in the marg. of the R.V.), which then effervesces.
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