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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Sprat \Sprat\ (spr[a^]t), noun [OE. sprot, sprotte, D. sprot; akin to G. sprotte.] (Zo["o]l.) (a) A small European herring ({Clupea sprattus}) closely allied to the common herring and the pilchard; -- called also {garvie}. The name is also applied to small herring of different kinds. (b) A California surf-fish ({Rhacochilus toxotes}); -- called also {alfione}, and {perch}.
{Sprat borer} (Zo["o]l.), the red-throated diver; -- so called from its fondness for sprats. See {Diver}.
{Sprat loon}. (Zo["o]l.) (a) The young of the great northern diver. [Prov. Eng.] (b) The red-throated diver. See {Diver}.
{Sprat mew} (Zo["o]l.), the kittiwake gull.
From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:
sprat
noun
1: small fatty European fish; usually smoked or canned like sardines [syn: {brisling}]
2: small herring processed like a sardine [syn: {brisling}, {Clupea sprattus}]
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