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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.44 [gcide]:
Provost \Prov"ost\, noun [OF. provost (L. prae and pro being confused), F. prev[^o]t, fr. L. praepositus placed before, a chief, fr. praeponere to place before: cf. AS. pr[=a]fost, pr[=o]fast. See {Preposition}, and cf. {Propound}.]
1. A person who is appointed to superintend, or preside over, something; the chief magistrate in some cities and towns; as, the provost of Edinburgh or of Glasgow, answering to the mayor of other cities; the provost of a college, answering to president; the provost or head of certain collegiate churches.
2. The keeper of a prison. [Obs.] --Shak.
Note: In France, formerly, a provost was an inferior judge who had cognizance of civil causes. The grand provost of France, or of the household, had jurisdiction in the king's house, and over its officers.
{Provost marshal} (often pronounced ?). (a) (Mil.) An officer appointed in every army, in the field, to secure the prisoners confined on charges of a general nature. He also performs such other duties pertaining to police and discipline as the regulations of the service or the commander's orders impose upon him. (b) (Nav.) An officer who has charge of prisoners on trial by court-martial, serves notices to witnesses, etc.
From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:
provost
noun: a high-ranking university administrator
From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 [moby-thes]:
33 Moby Thesaurus words for "provost": academic dean, administration, administrator, archon, chancellor, chief executive, chief executive officer, dean, dean of men, dean of women, executive, executive director, executive officer, executive secretary, headmaster, headmistress, magistrate, management, managing director, master, officer, official, prefect, president, prexy, principal, rector, secretary, the administration, treasurer, vice-chancellor, vice-president, warden
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